Polar covalent bond

A covalent bond forms when two non-metal atomAll elements are made of atoms. An atom consists of a nucleus containing protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons.

share a pair of electronSubatomic particle, with a negative charge and a negligible mass relative to protons and neutrons.. The electrons involved are in the outer shells of the atoms. An atom that shares one or more of its electrons will complete its outer shell.

Covalent bonds are strong – a lot of energy is needed to break them.

Covalent bonds are formed between two non-metals

Substances with covalent bonds often form moleculeA collection of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds. with low melting and boiling points, such as hydrogen and water. These substances have strong covalent bonds within the molecules (between the atoms), but weak intermolecular forces between the molecules.

This means that only a small amount of heat energy is required to separate the molecules from each other.

The slideshow shows a covalent bond being formed between a hydrogen atom and a chlorine atom, to form hydrogen chloride.

types of elements in covalent compounds

types of elements form covalent bonds